Abstract TD80 |
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Burundi maintained its fish yield level of about 21000 tonnes in 1995. However, in 1996 - due to numerous closures of the Lake because of security reasons - the annual fish catch estimate dropped to about 3000 tonnes (1/7 of previous years) resulting in a more than doubling of the price of fish and in an increased importance of the traditional subsistence fishery. |
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Tanzania recorded lower annual fish yields in 1994-95 of about 55000 tonnes compared to 72000 and 80500 tonnes in 1992 and 1993, respectively. |
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Zambia estimated in 1994 a total annual fish yield of about 127OO tonnes (9100 traditional/artisanal and 3600 industrial). Because a continuous catch monitoring system is not in place, except for the industrial fishery in Mpulungu, no annual total catch estimates were available for 1993 and 1995-1996. Although the Mpulungu industrial effort in 1994-1996 remained almost constant, the industrial CPUE showed a declining trend, form 877 kg/fishing trip in 1994 down to 535 kg/trip in 1996. This is an indication of local overfishing by the industrial units in the pelagic fishing grounds around Mpulungu, especially of the Lates stappersii stock, the dominant species in the catches. |
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Zaire has no CAS monitoring system in place for its part of Lake Tanganyika. Based on extrapolated fishing effort counts (1995 FS), a possible annual fish yield of 90000 has been estimated. Some local CAS estimates for the industrial fisheries in Kalemie and Moba are presented. |
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Liftnet catches show an increasing CPUE trend from north to south, mainly caused by L. stappersii dominating the catches as from Kipili southwards at the cost of Stolothrissa tanganicae. Strange enough, the use of liftnets in the extreme south in not very popular because these units are apparently not very safe during rough weather and windy conditions. Some liftnet CPUE correlations were found between monthly total and/or species CPUEs of adjacent fishing areas in the north (Bujumbura, Uvira, Karonda, Kigoma). An attempt was made to correct liftnet CPUEs for different numbers of fishing lamps used per liftnet unit in different areas around the Lake. |
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Detailed CPUE characteristics are also presented for beach, kapenta, chiromila and purse seines. |
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small Lates stappersii (up to 10 cm) are found together (as observed in Bujumbura fish biology samples) with shoaling clupeids displaying a similar non-predator behaviour, |
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adult Lates stappersii, a high visual predator, favour areas without windy conditions, when turbidity is low and visibility high, |
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clupeids favour areas with windy conditions, with high turbidity and thus low visibility (disadvantage for its predator L. stappersii), often coinciding with higher nutrient availability and primary production. |
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the riparian countries, in collaboration with LTR or any other project coming into effect to implement the management/monitoring programme, should reinstate, sustain and even reinforce their efforts to execute adequate and continuous catch/effort surveys (continuous CAS, FS minimum every 2-3 years), |
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these countries continue their efforts to adopt similar and standardised methods for collecting catch/effort statistics and at least produce compatible reporting outputs of their annual fisheries statistics (according to the adopted recommendations of the Fisheries Statistical Co-ordinators Meeting, see Coenen 1994b). The increased computerisation and use of standardised fisheries statistical software packages can only support this not avoidable trend, |
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these countries increase their efforts to create (in case they do not yet exist) or reinforce existing fisheries statistical units, not only competent in the planning and follow up of the execution of FS, CAS and other surveys but also in data analysis and presentation of the results obtained, |
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these countries give their full support to the Management Plan and Monitoring Programme to be implemented, especially in the field of fisheries statistics, |
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the planned Monitoring Programme, especially the fisheries statistics component, and within the limits of the available budget to maintain the programme, would consider: |
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to give its full support to the riparian countries in the execution of their CAS and FS surveys, |
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give assistance in the training and development of their respective fisheries statistical units, |
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support efforts for standardisation of fisheries statistical strategies/methods/outputs and for regular meetings between the fisheries statistical co-ordinators of the respective countries, |
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support the execution of complementary continuous CAS surveys as was done in the case of the industrial fisheries in Kalemie and Moba (Zaire), |
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maintain the collection of additional catch/effort (CPUE) statistics for specific gears as was done in combination with the fish biology sampling during the 1993-96 SSP period. The intensity and frequency will of course depend on the planned fish biology monitoring sampling programme but should preferably maintain - for each type of fishing gear to be monitored - a frequency of sampling 4 units every week (minimum 4 units every 2 weeks). As during the SSP, for each unit sampled, place and time, unit characteristics (type, number of lamps, hauls), total catch and catch per species estimates (using catch subsamples) are to be determined. |
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types of fishing units sampled should not only include liftnets, industrial units, kapenta seines, beach seines but should also include traditional fishing units as they constitute the dominant type of fishing on the Lake, followed by liftnets and beach seines. |